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Font subsetting is the fourth trap. Even after stripping the trailer ID and timestamps, subset font tables and zlib stream compression levels shift hashes across build environments. Decoding the page content stream before hashing or diffing extracted text operators saves a lot of false red builds.

font subsetting got me too, chasing a nondeterministic pdf diff a while back. ended up decoding the content stream operators before comparing instead of diffing raw bytes, way more signal less noise.