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TLDR: We know neurons communicate at synapses. But they also talk in a bunch of other ways! diffusion, glial interactions, ephaptic coupling, neuropeptides (cc @lidia-ripolls.bsky.social!) The list is long. probably longer than we know :) So let's make a map of all physical contact between neurons!

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That's super interesting! Can you explain what is a "Peter’s- rule-like view" to a non-specialist ? Do you think this contactome could be a substract for ephaptic coupling? Or is it "only" used to permit formation of new synapses?

Inevitably it will be like most of biology — doing a million things at once :) Certainly synapses correlate with touching, but I don't want to claim that it's causal. Same for ephaptic coupling; that may happen when neurons touch even if the neurons don't "want" it, but it doesn't mean it's causal.

More generally, if you knew every cell a neuron touches, would you know something new beyond its synaptic #contactome? How many other cells does a neuron touch, anyway? Here was our first exploration: a single pyramidal cell (cyan), followed by all its synaptic partners, and then all its contacts:

(That also presents the engineering challenge and the reason these analyses aren't commonplace: the resulting network is 100s of GB, before you even _think_ about the ~petabytes of underlying data to generate that.)